Walmart batteries are made by Johnson Controls. If you are looking for a battery that will give you at least five years of use, then the Everstart Maxx is your choice. This battery is designed to give you long life and excellent performance. This battery gives you 640 cold crank amps which makes it excellent for all-weather driving conditions. Everstart MaxxĪt the top end of the range, there is the Everstart Maxx battery. Because the batteries are sold by Walmart, you should get a great price for them. Overall, you can compare the Everystart Plus to other mid-level battery brands and get the same type of performance. This is a great value if you are looking for a reliable battery for many different types of vehicles. Everstart PlusĮverstart Plus is the midrange battery from Walmart. However, if you live in a place with consistent below-freezing weather, then this is not the best battery for you. That’s because you only get about 585 cold crank amps. These batteries are fine if you don’t live in an area with extremely cold weather. In fact, you can find Everstart Value batteries for as low as $50. Here’s a look at what each of these Walmart batteries offers: Everstart ValueĮverstart Value is the most affordable battery in the Walmart lineup. These batteries are available in three levels: Everstart Value, Everstart Plus, and Everstart Max. Walmart sells its private label brand of batteries. In this post, we will look at what car batteries are available from Walmart, along with their pros and cons. ![]() Overall, Walmart batteries may be an excellent choice for many different types of car owners. Walmart offers convenient locations, battery fitting and has an excellent return and warranty policy. Walmart’s line of Everstart batteries are high quality and priced well against the competition. However, are Walmart car batteries good enough for your vehicle? ![]() If you are looking for a good deal on batteries, you may consider buying one from Walmart. ![]() Google™ Translate là dịch vụ phiên dịch ngôn ngữ miễn phí trên mạng có thể phiên dịch văn bản và những trang web sang nhiều ngôn ngữ khác nhau. Ngôn ngữ chính thức sử dụng cho nội dung của website công cộng của Tòa Thượng Thẩm Los Angeles là Anh Ngữ. Si tiene alguna pregunta sobre Google™ Translate, haga clic en el siguiente enlace: Preguntas frecuentes de Google Translate™. La Corte Superior de Los Ángeles no se hace responsable por daños o problemas que puedan surgir por el uso de Google™ Translate o cualquier otro sistema de traducción. Cuando se haga una traducción, usted asumirá el riesgo por todas las inexactitudes, errores u otros problemas que encuentre. Toda persona o entidad que dependa de la información obtenida de cualquier sistema de traducción lo hará bajo su propio riesgo. Usted puede usar otros servicios de traducción para ver nuestro sitio web. La Corte Superior de Los Ángeles no endosa el uso de Google™ Translate. Tenga en cuenta que al solicitar una traducción estará dejando el sitio web de la Corte Superior de Los Ángeles. Además, algunas aplicaciones, archivos o elementos no se pueden traducir (como gráficas, fotos o algunos formatos portátiles de documentos ). La Corte Superior de Los Ángeles no garantiza la exactitud, confiabilidad o autenticidad de cualquier información traducida por Google™ Translate u otro sistema de traducción. La traducción no se debe considerar exacta y en algunos casos podría incluir lenguaje incorrecto u ofensivo. Las traducciones por computadora son solo una aproximación del contenido original del sitio web. Google™ Translate es un servicio gratis en línea de traducción de idiomas que puede traducir texto y páginas web en distintos idiomas. If you have any questions about Google™ Translate, please click the following link: Google™ Translate FAQs.Įl idioma oficial utilizado para el material del sitio web público de la Corte Superior de Los Ángeles es el inglés. The Los Angeles Superior Court is not responsible for any damage or issues that may possibly result from using Google™ Translate or any other translation system. When a translation is complete, you assume the risk of any inaccuracies, errors or other problems encountered. Any person or entity that relies on information obtained from any translation system does so at their own risk. Other translation services may be used to view our site. The Los Angeles Superior Court does not endorse the use of Google™ Translate. Please be aware that when a translation is requested, you will be leaving the Los Angeles Superior Court website. In addition, some applications, files or items cannot be translated including graphs, photos or some portable document formats (pdfs). The Los Angeles Superior Court does not warrant the accuracy, reliability or timeliness of any information translated by Google™ Translate or any other translation system. The translation should not be considered exact and in some cases may include incorrect or offensive language. Computerized translations are only an approximation of the website's original content. Google™ Translate is a free online language translation service that can translate text and web pages into different languages. ![]() ![]() How do I check the status of a claim?įor status on an already-filed claim for damage, email your claim number in the subject line, or visit the Los Angeles City Attorney Claims Division webpage for more information.The official language used for the content of the Los Angeles Superior Court public website is English. Visit the Los Angeles City Attorney Claims Division webpage for pertinent information regarding filling out a claim form. (Excluding City holidays) What information should be included in a Claim for Damage? Office hours are Monday - Friday 8:00 a.m. ![]() If you need a claim form mailed to you, contact (213) 978-1133 or email 3) Deliver or fill out a claim form in person by visiting the Office of the City Clerk located at: OPTION 2) Fill out a Claim for Damages PDF form, sign it and mail it to the City Clerk's Office:Įmailed or faxed claims are not accepted. You can also submit documents to your investigator or adjuster in-person, via mail or email when they contact you. If you encounter an error message with the portal, It is recommended that you detach any documents and resubmit without documents.ĭocuments can be submitted later through the claims portal (update to an existing claim), via email ( fax or mail. OPTION 1) The online Claim for Damages portal will provide you with an immediate claim number and can be done completely online. How to file a Claim for Damage?Ī Claim for Damages form may be submitted 1) online 2) through the mail - PDF form or 3) in person. Claim for Damages When to Submit a Claim for Damage?Ī Claim for Damages can be filed if you feel that you have lost money or property as a result of any action or inaction by the City. Ultrasound does not use radiation or x-rays. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), there is no evidence that ultrasounds harm a developing fetus. ![]() (Elective ultrasounds are not covered by insurance.) Is ultrasound safe?Īccording to both the U.S. Therefore it is important that you are currently under prenatal care and if you have any concerns, you reach out to your doctor. Your doctor will facilitate your diagnostic ultrasound for determining due date and any abnormalities. No, this is an elective ultrasound which is designed to help families bond with their unborn little one. Any additional attempts thereafter will be charged according to package. If we are unable to obtain 3D/4D images or determine gender at your appointment we will reschedule you for a second appointment within 14 days at no charge. All of our appointment times are up to 30 minutes long however we give an hour in between appointments to ensure we are providing each family with the best experience. Our number one goal is creating a memorable bonding experience for you and your family while capturing the best images of your little one. What if we are unable to obtain the images? We promise to make every effort to obtain the best possible images of whatever your little one is showing off. Having state of the art equipment and a registered sonographer performing the ultrasound is a big factor, however some factors are out of our control such as: placenta location, the clarity of amniotic fluid, your little ones position, and the overall fetal environment. ![]() Most of the time we are able to get great images but not always. Is it always possible to get the greatest images of my little one? The optimal time is between 27-34 weeks, however we are always willing to try our best for the perfect images. When is the best time to have a 3D/4D ultrasound? HD is a high definition 3- dimensional image also known as 5D. 10-15 Minutes of ultrasound in 2D/3D/4D 1 printed picture DVD of your ultrasound Listen to baby's heartbeat 6 through 13 Weeks gestation ONLY ADD HD LIVE FOR 10 Please note that discounts/coupons/deals can NOT be applied to the Basic Peek Package Gender Peek - 99. 4D is a live view of your baby in 3D, allowing the ability to see your baby yawn or even smile. 3D ultrasound is an advancement that captures a true three-dimensional of your little one, often showing very clear features. What is the difference between 2D, 3D, 4D, and HD?ĢD ultrasound is the traditional method that produces black and white, two-dimensional images. HYDRATE! HYDRATE! HYDRATE! Increase your water intake at least 5 days before your appointment to better optimize the images. ![]() We comfortable seat 8-10 people in our ultrasound room. YES!! We want this to be experience for all of your loved ones to be part of. Can we bring adults and children to our appointment? Amazon Product image from įor Amazon Prime members, AmazonBasics batteries are going to be hard to beat. “I’m a big fan of AmazonBasics,” says Clark regarding the best battery deals. “So, it’s not just that you buy the store brand, it’s where you buy also that really matters.”įor the best overall prices, consider shopping at one of these top five places to buy cheap batteries. “If you buy batteries at a drugstore, convenience store, supermarket or anything like that, what you’re paying per battery is mind-blowing,” says Clark. CVS-brand batteries ranged from $0.66-$1.10 each, which was the worst price I saw on average. As a comparison, I found Duracell AA batteries at CVS for as much as $2.07 each and AAA batteries for the same price. I’ve provided details about each store later in this article, but just below you’ll see the per-battery cost of the best deals I found.Īmazon, Best Buy and The Home Depot offer competitive prices on store-brand batteries while Lowe’s and Walmart offer great deals on generic brands. I visited each of the following retailers’ websites to find the best available deal on AA and AAA batteries in June 2023. If you’re looking for the lowest daily prices on batteries, check out Amazon, Lowe’s, Best Buy, The Home Depot and Walmart. While finding a great deal on batteries is one of the best ways to get the lowest price per battery, you may not be able to wait for a sale. The Top 5 Best Places To Buy Cheap Batteries That means you’d be paying only 14 cents per battery. Meanwhile, Walmart has been a close runner-up with past deals on 50-count packs of discount batteries for $6.97. In addition to these stores, in the past, The Home Depot has matched Best Buy’s all-time-low pricing with a deal on a 60-pack of its store-brand HDX AA batteries for $8. At 16 cents per battery, you’re still getting a great deal. We’ve seen some great deals on bulk batteries from these sites including 192-count packs for $30 at Meh. In the chart below, you’ll see that many of those deals came from Amazon, Best Buy, Woot and Meh.ĭaily deal sites such as Woot and Meh also offer great deals on batteries, but in my experience, they sell out fast. In that time, we’ve seen more than 50 great deals on batteries. Over the past six years, our team at has been looking for the best deals available online. Where To Find the Best Deals on Batteries Knowing that the quality would be the same or similar, I researched prices for some of the most popular and most affordable off-brand and store-brand batteries.īelow, you’ll find detailed information on where to find the best prices, and ultimately, where to make your final purchase. “Almost all of the off-brands or store-brands are made by one of the majors.” ![]() “My one rule is that no one should ever buy a brand-name battery,” says money expert Clark Howard. Using these methods, you can find great prices on batteries at Walmart, Sam’s Club, Amazon, Costco and Best Buy. When it comes to getting the best price on batteries, there are a few rules to follow: Comparing prices, waiting for deals and buying off-brand are three great ways to save. ![]() Detailed notes on all updates can be found here. This article was updated in June 2023 and I review it every six months. In this article, I’ll take a close look at a few of the best places to find cheap batteries. I also compared the current prices of AA and AAA batteries at several online retailers to find out where you’re most likely to get the best price per battery. To see where we’ve found the best battery prices over time, I looked back at more than 60 battery deals our team has posted on since 2016. If you find that you’re picking up a new pack every time you’re out, you may not realize how much money you’re actually spending. The cost of batteries can add up quickly. ![]() if you’ve been focusing at 1:1.66 to fit a 24x36mm subject into a 16x24mm frame Then you’ll be changing the magnification ratio. If the lens is at 1:1, the area you’ll be photographing will be larger, 24x36mm instead of 16x24mm. Whether the comparison to the 2007 team is fair or not, the 2017 Patriots will carry heavy expectations throughout the year. However, the full-frame sensor captures the larger version of the image, while the APS-C sensor captures a much smaller but more magnified version. Is full frame better than APS-C Full frame cameras will generally deliver better quality, higher resolution images than APS-C cameras, making them ideal for subjects in which resolution and. Re: FF vs APS-C (for macro) In reply to sanosai Apr 20, 2020. And they managed to retain their star players like Malcolm Butler and Dont’a Hightower. While they lost cornerback Logan Ryan and tight end Martellus Bennett in free agency, they’ve found players who, at least on paper, are immediate substitutes. The Patriots also added star cornerback Stephon Gilmore along with tight end Dwayne Allen and defensive end Kony Ealy. Saturday rattled of names like receiver Brandin Cooks and running backs Mike Gillislee and Rex Burkhead. Being mirrorless or DSLR style can also have a huge impact on the size and weight of a camera body and the normal lens or kit zoom lens. “This team is stacked and loaded and ready to repeat. There can be huge variations in the size and weight of equipment of APS-C vs Full Frame cameras and lenses. ![]() “As much as I respect Teddy B being on that team, you talk about mental toughness - how about coming back from the greatest deficit in Super Bowl history to get it done? And now, you’ve added to this team,” Jeff Saturday said. He reminded Bruschi that the undefeated team didn’t win a Super Bowl. He sees a defending Super Bowl roster that’s gotten better over the offseason. STOP WATCH THIS VIDEO BEFORE YOU BUY A FULL FRAME CAMERA For 85 of people, APS-C is actually a BETTER choice In this Sony APS-C vs Full Frame video. And that’s what those guys had to go 16-0 to carry that burden.”įormer Colts center Jeff Saturday didn’t agree with Bruschi, however. ![]() You know what else was a talent? Mental toughness. such as the excellent Sony 18-135mm or the Sigma 18-300 zoom for Sony APS-C. A lot of the guys that they had on offense, especially. At the time I bought my APS-C camera, full frame mirrorless cameras were also available. A full-frame lens is roughly equivalent to a 35mm film frame, while an APS-C sensor is slightly smaller. “That 2007 team - I’ll just go straight to the defensive line, having Wilfork, Warren and Seymour in front of me. This term full-frame was defined in contrast to more minor, or APS-C, camera sensors. “Are you kidding me?” Bruschi said with a laugh. On ESPN’s “NFL Insiders” during a segment called overreaction Monday, Bruschi said the undefeated 2007 team, which he played on, was a more talented roster than this 2017 team. Tedy Bruschi wants to pump the breaks on the hype train for the 2017 New England Patriots. ![]() Gomez then received the song through the trio's A&R and was entirely involved in its creative session, helping to develop it as a representation of her process of self-realization, her confidence as a young woman, and her feelings of vulnerability. Originally, the track was conceived by the writers in 45 minutes, during a session booked by the latter. The track was written by Gomez, ASAP Rocky, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter, Nolan Lambroza and Nick Monson, being produced by the latter two. It features vocals by American rapper ASAP Rocky. Trust me, I, trust me, I, trust me, I The easy, fast & fun way to learn how to sing: 30DaySinger."Good for You" is a song by American singer Selena Gomez from her second studio album, Revival (2015). You look good, girl, bet it feel good, don't it? (Haha)īaby, let me be good to you, good to you, oh-oh You look good, girl, you know you did good, don't you? Just met a bad miss without the ass shots, haha They love the way you dress and ain't got shit up on you More than likely mess around in triple cuffsīut the way you touchin' on me in the clubĪny time I hit it, know she finna fall throughĪnd every time we get up, always end up on the newsĪin't worried 'bout no press, and ain't worried 'bout the next bitch Still look good for you, good for you, oh-oh, oh-oh, oh Still look good for you, good for you, oh-ohĪnd syncopate my skin to how you're breathing Let me show you how proud I am to be yours I just wanna look good for you, good for you, oh-oh 'Cause I just wanna look good for you, good for you, oh-oh Gonna wear that dress you like, skin-tightĪnd syncopate my skin to your heart beating more »īecome A Better Singer In Only 30 Days, With Easy Video Lessons! I'm on my 14 carats Rocky raps his verse at the end of the song, which is written from a male, player perspective and features braggadocio, profanity, and sexual innuendos. ![]() Its come-hither lyrics have intensity, psychodrama, self-confidence, and female empowerment as main themes, dealing with pleasing her lover and being the perfect complement for him. The artist sings atypically with breathy vocals and a plaintive timbre in the track, which was noted for being her first collaboration with a rapper. ![]() A torch song, it is a pop and electro-R&B slow jam with hip hop elements that comprises a mellow, low-key snap-drop hip hop beat reminiscent of modern, pitched-down Southern hip hop productions, minor sound bursts, percussion instrumentation, drum machines, airy and transparent synthesizer, and a minimalistic bass. After anticipation by Gomez, "Good for You" was digitally released on Jby Interscope and Polydor Records, serving as Revival's lead single as well as the first song by the singer to be released through those labels. After it was reworked by Lambroza, she sent the song to Rocky, who added new instruments and co-produced it with his frequent collaborator Hector Delgado, who was in charge of Rocky's vocal production. ![]() "Good for You" is a song by American singer Selena Gomez from her second studio album, Revival (2015). In work led by Alfred AMRUTH, a PhD student in Dr Jeremy LIM's team at HKU, astrophysicists have for the first time computed how gravitationally-lensed images generated by galaxies incorporating ultralight Dark Matter particles differ from those incorporating ultramassive Dark Matter particles. As might be expected, the different patterns of spacetime around galaxies depending on whether Dark Matter constitutes ultramassive or ultralight particles - smooth versus crinkly - ought to give rise to different positions and brightness for multiply-lensed images of background galaxies. These random density fluctuations in Dark Matter give rise to crinkles in spacetime. ![]() Referred to as axions, these hypothetical particles are predicted to be far less massive than even the lightest particles in the Standard Model and constitute an alternative candidate for Dark Matter.Īccording to the theory of Quantum Mechanics, ultralight particles travel through space as waves, interfering with each other in such large numbers as to create random fluctuations in density. In these studies, the density of Dark Matter is assumed to decrease smoothly outwards from the centres of galaxies in accordance with theoretical simulations employing ultramassive particles.īeginning also in the 1970s, but in dramatic contrast to WIMPs, versions of theories that seek to rectify deficiencies in the Standard Model, or those (e.g., String Theory) that seek to unify the four fundamental forces of nature (the three in the Standard Model, along with gravity), advocate the existence of ultralight particles. However, for the past two decades, adopting ultramassive particles for Dark Matter, astrophysicists have struggled to correctly reproduce the positions and brightness of multiply-lensed images. These particles emerge from Supersymmetry theories, developed to fill deficiencies in the Standard Model, and have since been widely advocated as the most likely candidate for Dark Matter. These WIMPs were thought to be ultramassive - more than at least ten times as massive as a proton - and interact with other matter only through the weak nuclear force. In the 1970s, after the existence of Dark Matter was firmly established, hypothetical particles referred to as Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) were proposed as candidates for Dark Matter. The positions and brightness of the multiply-lensed images depend on the distribution of Dark Matter in the foreground lensing object, thus providing an especially powerful probe of Dark Matter.Īnother assumption of the nature of Dark Matter ![]() When the foreground lensing object and the background lensed object - both constituting individual galaxies in the illustration - are closely aligned, multiple images of the same background object can be seen in the sky. By observing this bending of light, scientists can infer the presence and distribution of Dark Matter - and, as demonstrated in this study, the nature of Dark Matter itself. In this theory, mass causes spacetime to curve, creating the appearance that light bends around massive objects such as stars, galaxies, or groups of galaxies. Today, the most powerful tool scientists have for studying Dark Matter is through gravitational lensing, a phenomenon predicted by Albert Einstein in his theory of General Relativity. Their work resolves an outstanding problem in astrophysics first raised two decades ago: why do models that adopt ultramassive Dark Matter particles fail to correctly predict the observed positions and the brightness of multiple images of the same galaxy created by gravitational lensing? The research findings were recently published in Nature Astronomy.ĭark Matter does not emit, absorb or reflect light, which makes it difficult to observe using traditional astronomical techniques. A team of astrophysicists led by Alfred AMRUTH, a PhD student in the team of Dr Jeremy LIM of the Department of Physics at The University of Hong Kong (HKU), collaborating with Professor George SMOOT, a Nobel Laureate in Physics from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) and Dr Razieh EMAMI, a Research Associate at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CFA), has provided the most direct evidence yet that Dark Matter does not constitute ultramassive particles as is commonly thought but instead comprises particles so light that they travel through space like waves. ![]() While some theoretical models propose the existence of ultramassive particles as a possible candidate for Dark Matter, others suggest ultralight particles. ![]() This is one of the only galaxy projectors that you can use outside, which makes it a good choice for camping. That remote also lets you turn on a warm light function when using the projector as a night light. It comes with a remote control that lets you set the timer, turn the projector light on and off and change its rotation. Perfect for kids’ bedrooms, this YSD projector has a fun design that incorporates bright colors across the surface. However, a compatible power adapter will keep it powered all night long. ![]() You can use standard AAA batteries for ultimate mobility. It’s also pretty versatile as far as power goes. This lamp also has a simple control scheme and a built-in timer for automatic shutoff. Cycle through them and find one that your kid will love! In total, there are 17 different show modes to choose from. However, the lighting system is a little more in-depth. It has a very similar design to the previous model. Here’s another rotating lamp worth checking out. AVAILABLE NOW ON ENCALIFE MOKOQI Star Projector Night Lights ![]() A perfect gift for space lover, gadget geek or to set a romantic scene for Valentines Day! Multi buy discount at checkout when you go direct to Encalife. Sleep timer lets you shut it off anytime you want so you don’t have to worry about switching it off yourself. It comes with a really handy remote control that allows you to adjust settings from anywhere in the room, saving you having to get up out of your relaxation position. ![]() Listen to soothing music before bed, lullabies for the kids – connect this Bluetooth speaker with your phone, laptop, or any device. Adjust the speed freely according to your child’s preference.Īnother great feature is the ability to connect your smartphone via bluetooth. Or for children who find it hard to settle at bed time and need a little bit of help. Use it as a calming and relaxation aid for those days where you’ve been stressed out and under pressure. – 3 Button controls to select different modesĪs just mentioned, this star projector is ideal for both adults and children. Smithsonian Optics Room Planetarium and Dual Projector Science KitīlissLights Sky Lite – Laser Projector w/LED Nebula Cloud – Works as both a projector and a night lamp – Includes rotating and still display options SOAIY Soothing Aurora Night Light Projector Sega Homestar Original Black Planetarium and Star Projector Star Light Galaxy Projector – Starry Space Nebula Clouds, Laser Night Sky for Adults & Kids RANKINGĮncalife Star & Nebular Projector – Voice Enabled with Alexa & Google Assistant Here’s a quick reference chart of what we think are the best star and galaxy projectors on the market today. Note: Normally we recommend buying from Amazon, but since the price is the same and there is even a multi buy discount at the checkout, it is far better to buy this product directly from Encalife. The soothing and relaxing galaxy light calms the senses, and helps to properly wind down from a hard day at work or school. One of the major benefits of this model is the ability to help calm your mind and drift away to a deep sleep. An Excellent Sleeping Aid for both Adults & Children There’s multiple light effects of nebula backgrounds to choose from with around 16.7m colors which include green, red and blue star systems and multiple brightness settings. The Encalife Atmosphere is an instant game changer for any room in the house. I know plenty of users that have the Encalife Atmosphere as a backdrop to their games room or for their DJ lighting effects. It’s also great to use when doing yoga or meditating. Enjoy having dinner under the stars or create a soothing spa environment. Ideal for the bedroom, living room use or in your home theater. The packaging and branding is lovely as well. No matter where you are, the projector can make you feel like you’re drifting calmly into space at night. It’s like a portable planetarium that you can take on your travels. The quality of the star projection is exceptionally good. It means you can prompt Alexa to turn on the galaxy light as you tell amazing and spellbinding stories of deep space adventures to your children. The Encalife Star Projector is voice command-activated for a handsfree experience. It enables you to get creative with your bedtime stories. The game changer with this star projector is the Alexa and Google Assistant integration controls. This is by far the best star projector we have ever reviewed! What makes it better than the rest?Ĭontrollable with a Smart App – Voice control through WiFi / Bluetooth for a fun bedtime story. Our New #1 Best Choice Star Projector Encalife Atmosphere Star Light Galaxy Projector – Alexa / Google Assistant App Controlled Projector ![]() "They don't like cooperating with strangers, that's for sure," de Waal said. ![]() They don't really symbolize like we do, and language is a big difference that influences everything else that you do - how you communicate, basic social interactions, all these become far more complex."Īs gentle as our closest living relatives can be, chimps also can be quite violent in the wild, raping, killing and warring against their rivals. "They can learn a few symbols in labs, but it's not impressive in my opinion compared to what even a young child can do. "The big difference I see going for us is language," de Waal said. ![]() They also display what many scientists dub culture, with groups of chimpanzees socially passing on dozens of behaviors such as tool kits from generation to generation that are distinct from ones seen in other groups. "Emotionally and socially, the psychology of chimps is very similar to humans," said primatologist Frans de Waal at Emory University in Atlanta.įor instance, he noted, chimps have shown they can help unrelated chimps and human strangers at personal cost without apparent expectation of personal gain, a level of selfless behavior often claimed as unique to humans. Nevertheless, humans keep much in common with chimpanzees. This may suggest that chimpanzees behaved significantly differently from our last common ancestor. In addition, Ardipithecus seemed to have possessed canines that are reduced in size, while male chimps have large tusk-like canines used as weapons for threatening and sometimes attacking other males. The fossil Ardipithecus ramidus, dating 4.4 million years old, which may very well be ancestral to both human and chimpanzee lineages, walked neither like us or chimps, possessing instead an intermediate form of walking. While, chimpanzees and humans share many localized protein-coding regions of high similarity, the overall extreme discontinuity between the two genomes defies evolutionary time-scales and dogmatic presuppositions about a common ancestor.New evidence suggests, however, that our last common ancestor may not have looked as chimp-like as before thought. Genome-wide, only 70% of the chimpanzee DNA was similar to human under the most optimal alignment conditions. Only 69 percent of the chimpanzee X chromosome was similar to human and only 43 percent of the Y chromosome. For the chimp autosomes, the amount of optimally aligned DNA sequence provided similarities between 66 and 76 percent, depending on the chromosome. The definition of similarity was the amount (percent) of optimally aligned chimp DNA. This allowed for comparisons to be optimized irrespective of the linear order of genes and sequence features. The present, follow-up study was then completed in which chimp chromosomes were sliced into new individual query files of varying string lengths and queried against their human chromosome homolog. A preliminary study was performed by Tomkins comparing 40,000 chimpanzee genomic sequences against the human genome which indicated that reported levels of human-chimp DNA similarity were significantly lower than commonly reported. |
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